In 2024, emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides, non-methane volatile organic compounds, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia and fine particulate matter decreased compared to 2023. Emissions of sulfur oxides and carbon dioxide were 42 thousand tons and 32.8 million tons, respectively.
Table 1. Air emissions for the territory of the country - Thousand tons
| Pollutants | Measure unit | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | % reduction - 2024/2023 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sulphur oxides (SOx) | Thousand tons | 48 | 60 | 69 | 44 | 42 | -5% |
| Nitrogen oxides (NOx) | Thousand tons | 90 | 98 | 100 | 88 | 87 | -1% |
| Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) | Thousand tons | 72 | 73 | 74 | 67 | 63 | -6% |
| Methane (CH4) | Thousand tons | 234 | 241 | 239 | 219 | 209 | -5% |
| Carbon oxide (СО) | Thousand tons | 236 | 239 | 201 | 176 | 156 | -13% |
| Carbon dioxide (СО2) | Thousand tons | 36 629 | 42 420 | 46 977 | 34 575 | 32 830 | -5% |
| Dinitrogen oxide (N2O) | Thousand tons | 16 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 0% |
| Ammonia (NH3) | Thousand tons | 57 | 56 | 55 | 53 | 52 | -2% |
| Particulate matter to 2.5µm (PM2.5) | Thousand tons | 31 | 30 | 26 | 23 | 19 | -21% |
| Particulate matter to 10µm (PM10) | Thousand tons | 49 | 47 | 41 | 38 | 34 | -12% |
The processes of combustion of fuels for energy production are the main contributors to carbon dioxide emissions (53%) and sulphur oxide emissions (82%). The production processes have a predominant contribution to non-methane volatile organic compounds emissions (52%). The emissions of ammonia (97%), carbon monoxide (81%), nitrous oxide (95%), methane (84%), non-methane volatile organic compounds (46%), nitrogen oxides (74%) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5 - 81%, and PM10 - 76%) comes from the group 'Other sources', which includes agriculture, transport, household fuel combustion and waste and wastewater treatment activities.
Figure 1. Emissions of sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and fine particulate matter (PM10) - Thousand tons
Methodological notes
Data on emissions of harmful substances are based on data from the statistical survey 'Emissions in the air', conducted by the National Statistical Institute, and data from the National Inventories of Emissions of Harmful Substances and Greenhouse Gases, prepared and reported by the Executive Agency for the Environment. Emissions of harmful substances are determined by a calculation method based on data from the statistical survey, based on the following indicators: fuel consumed, calorific value, quantity of produced products, input raw materials/materials, treatment facilities/measures for emission reduction, as well as emission factors for the relevant pollutants. Data on emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are taken from the National Inventory of Greenhouse Gases.
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